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1、1 19451945 年联合国宪章（英文）年联合国宪章（英文） Charter of the United Nations June 26, 1945 WE THE PEOPLES OF THE UNITED NATIONS DETERMINED to save succeeding generations from the scourge of war, which twice in our lifetime has brought untold sorrow to mankind, and to reaffirm faith in fundamental human rights, in
2、the dignity and worth of the human person, in the equal rights of men and women and of nations large and small, and to establish conditions under which justice and respect for the obligations arising from treaties and other sources of international law can be maintained, and to promote social progre
3、ss and better standards of life in larger freedom, AND FOR THESE ENDS to practice tolerance and live together in peace with one another as good neighbours, and to unite our strength to maintain international peace and security, and to ensure, by the acceptance of principles and the institution of me
4、thods, that armed force shall not be used, save in the common interest, and to employ international machinery for the promotion of the economic and social advancement of all peoples, HAVE RESOLED TO COMBINE OUR EFFORTS TO ACCOMPLISH THESE AIMS Accordingly, our respective Governments, through represe
5、ntatives assembled in the city of San Francisco, who have exhibited their full powers found to be in good and due form, have agreed to the present Charter of the United Nations and do hereby establish an international organization to be known as the United Nations. 1945 年联合国宪章年联合国宪章 我联合国人民 同兹决心 欲免后世
6、再遭今代人 类两度身历惨不堪言之战 祸， 重申基本人权，人格 尊严与价值，以及男女与 大小各国平等权利之信念， 创造适当环境，俾克 维持正义，尊重由条约与 国际法其他渊源而起之义 务，久而弗懈， 促成大自由中之社会 进步及较善之民生， 并为达此目的 力行容恕，彼此以善 邻之道，和睦相处， 集中力量，以维持国 际和平及安全， 接受原则，确立力法， 以保证非为公共利益，不 得使用武力， 运用国际机构，以促 成全球人民经济及社会之 进展， 用是发愤立志，务当同 心协力，以竟厥功。 爰由我各本国政府， 经齐集金山市之代表各将 所奉全权证书，互相校阅， 均属妥善，议定本联合国 宪章，并设立国际组织， 定
7、名联合国。 2 CHAPTER I PURPOSES AND PRINCIPLES Article 1 The Purposes of the United Nations are: 1. To maintain international peace and security, and to that end: to take effective collective measures for the prevention and removal of threats to the peace, and for the suppression of acts of aggression or
8、 other breaches of the peace, and to bring about by peaceful means, and in conformity with the principles of justice and international law, adjustment or settlement of international disputes or situations which might lead to a breach of the peace; 2. To develop friendly relations among nations based
9、 on respect for the principle of equal rights and self-determination of peoples, and to take other appropriate measures to strengthen universal peace; 3. To achieve international co-operation in solving international problems of an economic, social, cultural, or humanitarian character, and in promot
10、ing and encouraging respect for human rights and for fundamental freedoms for all without distinction as to race, sex, language, or religion; and 4. To be a centre for harmonizing the actions of nations in the attainment of these common ends. Article 2 The Organization and its Members, in pursuit of
11、 the Purposes stated in Article 1, 第 1 章 宗旨及原则 第 1 条 联合国之宗旨为： 一、维持国际和平及安全； 并为此目的：采取有效集 体办法、以防止且消除对 于和平之威胁，制止侵略 行为或其他和平之破坏； 并以和平方法且依正义及 国际法之原则，调整或解 决足以破坏和平之国际争 端或情势。 2、发展国际间以尊重人民 平等权利及自决原则为根 据之友好关系，并采取其 他适当办法，以增强普遍 和平。 3、促成国际合作，以解决 国际间属于经济、社会、 文化、及人类福利性质之 国际问题，且不分种族、 性别、语言、或宗教、增 进并激励对于全体人类之 人权及基本自由之尊
12、重。 4、构成一协调各国行动之 中心，以达成上述共同目 的。 3 shall act in accordance with the following Principles. 1. The Organization is based on the principle of the sovereign equality of all its Members. 2. All Members, in order to ensure to all of them the rights and benefits resulting from membership, shall fulfill in go
13、od faith the obligations assumed by them in accordance with the present Charter. 3. All Members shall settle their international disputes by peaceful means in such a manner that international peace and security, and. justice, are not endangered. 4. All Members shall refrain in their international re
14、lations from the threat or use of force against the territorial integrity or political independence of any state, or in any other manner inconsistent with the Purposes of the United Nations. 5. All Members shall give the United Nations every assistance in any action it takes in accordance with the p
15、resent Charter, and shall refrain from giving assistance to any state against which the United Nations is taking preventive or enforcement action. 6. The Organization shall ensure that states which are not Members of the United Nations act in accordance with these Principles so far as may be necessa
16、ry for the maintenance of international peace and security. 7. Nothing contained in the present Charter shall authorize the United Nations to intervene in matters which are essentially within the domestic jurisdiction of any state or shall require the Members to submit such matters to 第二条 为求实现第一条所述
17、各宗旨起见，本组织及其 会员国应遵行下列原则： 1、本组织系基于各会员国 主权平等之原则。 2、各会员国应一秉善意， 履行其依本宪章所担负之 义务，以保证全体会员国 由加入本组织而发生之权 益。 3、各会员国应以和平方法 解决其国际争端，俾免危 及国际和平、安全、及正 义。 4、各会员国在其国际关系 上不得使用威胁或武力， 或以与联合国宗旨不符之 任何其他方法，侵害任何 会员国或国家之领土完整 或政治独立。 5、各会员国对于联合国依 本宪章规定而采取之行动， 应尽力予以协助，联合国 对于任何国家正在采取防 止或执行行动时，各会员 国对该国不得给予协助。 6、本组织在维持国际和平 及安全之必要范
18、围内，应 保证非联合国会员国遵行 上述原则。 4 settlement under the present Charter; but this principle shall not prejudice the application of enforcement measures under Chapter VII. CHAPTER II MEMBERSHIP Article 3 The original Members of the United Nations shall be the states which, having participated in the United Nat
19、ions Conference on International Organization at San Francisco, or having previously signed the Declaration by United Nations of 1 January 1942, sign the present Charter and ratify it in accordance with Article 110. Article 4 1. Membership in the United Nations is open to a other peace-loving states
20、 which accept the obligations contained in the present Charter and, in the judgment of the Organization, are able and willing to carry out these obligations. 2. The admission of any such state to membership in the Nations will be effected by a decision of the General Assembly upon the recommendation
21、 of the Security Council. Article 5 A Member of the United Nations against which preventive or enforcement action has been taken by the Security Council may be suspended from the exercise of the rights and privileges of membership by the General Assembly upon the recommendation of the Security Counc
22、il. The exercise of these rights and privileges may be restored by the Security 七、本宪章不得认为授权 联合国干涉在本质上属于 任何国家国内管辖之事件， 且并不要求会员国将该项 事件依本宪章提请解决； 但此项原则不妨碍第七章 内执行办法之适用。 第二章 会员 第三条 凡曾经参加金山联合 国国际组织会议或前此曾 签字于年月 日联合国宣言之国家，签 订本宪章，且依宪章第一 百一十条规定而予以批准 者，均为联合国之创始会 员国。 第四条 1、凡其他爱好和平之国家， 接受本宪章所载之义务， 经本组织认为确能并愿意 履行该项
23、义务者，得为联 合国会员国。 2、准许上述国家为联合国 会员国，将由大会经安全 理事会之推荐以决议行之。 第 5 条 联合国会员国，业经安全 5 Council. Article 6 A Member of the United Nations which has persistently violated the Principles contained in the present Charter may be expelled from the Organization by the General Assembly upon the recommendation of the Secu
24、rity Council. CHAPTER III ORGANS Article 7 1. There are established as the principal organs of the United Nations: a General Assembly, a Security Council, an Economic and Social Council, a Trusteeship Council, an International Court of Justice, and a Secretariat. 2. Such subsidiary organs as may be
25、found necessary may be established in accordance with the present Charter. Article 8 The United Nations shall place no restrictions on the eligibility of men and women to participate in any capacity and under conditions of equality in its principal and subsidiary organs. CHAPTER IV THE GENERAL ASSEM
26、BLY Composition Article 9 1. The General Assembly shall consist of all 理事会对其采取防止或执 行行动者，大会经安全理 事会之建议，得停止其会 员权利及特权之行使。此 项权利及特权之行使，得 由安全理事会恢复之。 第 6 条 联合国之会员国中， 有屡次违犯本宪章所载之 原则者，大会经安全理事 会之建议，得将其由本组 织除名。 第 3 章 机关 第 7 条 1、兹设联合国之主要机关 如下：大会、安全理事会、 经济暨社会理事会、托管 理事会、国际法院、及秘 书处。 2、联合国得依本宪章设立 认为必需之辅助机关。 第八条 联合国对
27、于男女均得 在其主要及辅助机关在平 等条件之下，充任任何职 务，不得加以限制。 第四章 大会组织 6 the Members of the United Nations. 2. Each Member shall have not more than five representatives in the General Assembly. Functions and Powers Article 10 The General Assembly may discuss any questions or any matters within the scope of the present Ch
28、arter or relating to the powers and functions of any organs provided for in the present Charter, and, except as provided in Article 12, may make recommendations to the Members of the United Nations or to the Security Council or to both on any such questions or matters. Article 11 1. The General Asse
29、mbly may consider the general principles of co-operation in the maintenance of international peace and security, including the principles governing disarmament and the regulation of armaments, and may make recommendations with regard to such principles to the Members or to the Security Council or to
30、 both. 2. The General Assembly may discuss any questions relating to the maintenance of inter- national peace and security brought before it by any Member of the United Nations, or by the Security Council, or by a state which is not a Member of the United Nations in accordance with Article 35, parag
31、raph 2, and, except as provided in Article 12, may make recommendations with regard to any such questions to the state or states concerned or to the Security Council or to both. Any such question on which action is necessary shall be 第 9 条 1、大会由联合国所有会员 国组织之。 2、每一会员国在大会之代 表，不得超过五人。 职权 第 10 条 大会得讨论本宪章
32、范围内 之任何问题或事项，或关 于本宪章所规定任何机关 之职权；并除第十二条所 规定外，得向联合国会员 国或安全理事会或兼向两 者，提出对各该问题或事 项之建议。 第 11 条 1、大会得考虑关于维持国 际和平及安全之合作之普 通原则，包括军缩及军备 管制之原则；并得向会员 国或安全理事会或兼向两 者提 出对于该项原则之建议。 2、大会得讨论联合国任何 会员国或安全理事会或非 联合国会员国依第三十五 条第二项之规定向大会所 提关于维持国际和平及安 7 referred to the Security Council by the General Assembly either before o
33、r after discussion. 3. The General Assembly may call the attention of the Security Council to situations which are likely to endanger international peace and security. 4. The powers of the General Assembly set forth in this Article shall not limit the general scope of Article 10. Article 12 1. While
34、 the Security Council is exercising in respect of any dispute or situation the functions assigned to it in the present Charter, the General Assembly shall not make any recommendation with regard to that dispute or situation unless the Security Council so requests. 2. The Secretary-General, with the
35、consent of the Security Council, shall notify the General Assembly at each session of any matters relative to the maintenance of international peace and security which are being dealt with by the Security Council and similarly notify the General Assembly, or the Members of the United Nations if the
36、General Assembly is not in session, immediately the Security Council ceases to deal with such matters. Article 13 1. The General Assembly shall initiate studies and make recommendations for the purpose of: a. promoting international co-operation in the political field and encouraging the progressive
37、 development of international law and its codification; 全之任何问题；除第十二 条所规定 外，并得向会员 国或安全理事会或兼向两 者提出对于各该项问题之 建议。凡对于需要行动之 各该项问题，应由大会于 讨论前或讨论后提交安全 理事会。 3、大会对于足以危及国际 和平与安全之情势，得提 请安全理事会注意。 4、本条所载之大会权力并 不限制第十条之概括范围。 第 12 条 一、当安全理事会对于任 何争端或情势，正在执行 本宪章所授予该会之职务 时，大会非经安全理事会 请求，对于该项争端或情 势，不得提出任何建议。 二、秘书长经安全理事会 之同
38、意，应于大会每次会 议时，将安全理事会正在 处理中关于维持国际和平 及安全之任何事件，通知 大会； 于安全理事会停止处理该 项事件时，亦应立即通知 大会，或在大会闭会期内 通知联合国会员国。 8 b. promoting international co-operation in the economic, social, cultural, educational, and health fields, an assisting in the realization of human rights and fundamental freedoms for all without distin
39、ction as to race, sex, language, or religion. 2. The further responsibilities, functions and powers of the General with respect to matters mentioned in paragraph ) above are set forth in Chapters IX and X. Article 14 Subject to the provisions of Article 12, the General Assembly may recommend measure
40、s for the peaceful adjustment of any situation, regardless of origin, which it deems likely to impair the general welfare or friendly relations among nations, including situations resulting from a violation of the provisions of the present Charter setting forth the Purposes and Principles of the Uni
41、ted Nations. Article 15 1. The General Assembly shall receive and consider annual and special reports from the Security Council; these reports shall include an account of the measures that the Security Council has decided upon or taken to main- tain international peace and security. 2. The General A
42、ssembly shall receive and consider reports from the other organs of the United Nations. Article 16 The General Assembly shall perform such functions with respect to the international trusteeship system as are assigned to it under Chapters XII and XIII, including the approval 第十三条 一、大会应发动研究，并 作成建议： （
43、子）以促进政治上之国 际合作，并提倡国际法之 逐渐发展与编纂。 （丑）以促进经济、社会、 文化、教育、及卫生各部 门之国际合作，且不分种 族、性别、语言、或宗教， 助成全体人类之人权及基 本自由之实现。 2、大会关于本条第一项 （丑）款所列事项之其他 责任及职权，于第九章及 第十章中规定之。 第十四条 大会对于其所认为足 以妨害国际间公共福利或 友好关系之任何情势，不 论其起原如何，包括由违 反本宪章所载联合国之宗 旨及原则而起之情势，得 建议和平调整办法，但以 不违背第十二条之规定为 限。 第十五条 一、大会应收受并审查安 全理事会所送之常年及特 别报告；该项报告应载有 安全理事会对于维持国
44、际 和平及安全所已决定或施 行之办法之陈述。 9 of the trusteeship agreements for areas not designated as strategic. Article 17 1. The General Assembly shall consider and approve the budget of the Organization. 2. The expenses of the Organization shall be borne by the Members as apportioned by the General Assembly. 3. The
45、 Assembly shall consider and approve any financial and budgetary arrangements with specialize agencies referred to in Article 57 and shall examine the administrative budgets of such specialized agencies with a view to making recommendations to the agencies concerned. Voting Article 18 1. Each member
46、 of the General Assembly shall have one vote. 2. Decisions of the General Assembly on important questions shall be made by a two- thirds majority of the members present and voting. These questions shall include: recommendations with respect to the maintenance of international peace and security, the
47、 election of the non-permanent members of the Security Council, the election of the members of the Economic and Social Council, the election of members of the Trusteeship Council in accordance with paragraph 1 of Article 86, the admission of new Members to the United Nations, the suspension of the r
48、ights and privileges of membership, the expulsion of Members, questions relating to the operation of 2、大会应收受并审查联合 国其他机关所送之报告。 第 16 条 大会应执行第十二章及第 十三章所授予关于国际托 管制度之职务，包括关于 非战略防区托管协定之核 准。 第 17 条 1、大会应审核本组织之预 算。 2、本组织之经费应由各会 员国依照大会分配限额担 负之。 3、大会应审核经与第五十 七条所指各种专门机关订 定之任何财政及预算办法， 并应审查该项专门机关之 行政预算，以便向关系机 关提
49、出建议。 投 票 第十八条 一、大会之每一会员国， 应有一个投票权。 2、大会对于重要问题之决 议应以到会及投票之会员 国三分之二多数决定之。 此项问题应包括：关于维 持国际和平及安全之建议， 安全理事会非常任理事国 10 the trusteeship system, and budgetary questions. 3. Decisions on other questions, including the determination of additional categories of questions to be decided by a two-thirds majority,
50、shall be made by a majority of the members present and voting. Article 19 A Member of the United Nations which is in arrears in the payment of its financial contributions to the Organization shall have no vote in the General Assembly if the amount of its arrears equals or exceeds the amount of the c
51、ontributions due from it for the preceding two full years. The General Assembly may, nevertheless, permit such a Member to vote if it is satisfied that the failure to pay is due to conditions beyond the of the Member. Procedure Article 20 The General Assembly shall meet in regular annual sessions an
52、d in such special sessions as occasion may require. Special sessions shall be convoked by the Secretary-General at the request of the Security Council or of a majority of the Members of the United Nations. Article 21 The General Assembly shall adopt its own rules of procedure. It shall elect its Pre
53、sident for each session. Article 22 The General Assembly may establish such subsidiary organs as it deems necessary for the 之选 举，经济暨社会理事 会理事国之选举，依第八 十六条第一项（寅）款所 规定托管理事会理事国之 选举，对于新会员国加入 联合国之准许，会员国权 利及特权之停止， 会员国 之除名，关于施行托管制 度之问题，以及预算问题。 3、关于其他问题之决议， 包括另有何种事项应以三 分之二多数决定之问题， 应以到会及投票之会员国 过半数决定之。 第 19 条 凡
54、拖欠本组织财政款项之 会员国，其拖欠数目如等 于或超过前两年所应缴纳 之数目时，即丧失其在大 会投票权。大会如认拖欠 原因，确由于该会员国无 法控制之情形者，得准许 该会员国投票。 程序 第二十条 大会每年应举行常会，并 于必要时，举行特别会议。 特别会议应由秘书长经安 全理事会或联合国会员国 过半数之请求召集之。 11 performance of its functions. CHAPTER V THE SECURITY COUNCIL Composition Article 23 1. The Security Council shall consist of fifteen Membe
55、rs of the United Nations. The Republic of China, France, the Union of Soviet Socialist , the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, and the United States of America shall be permanent members of the Security Council. The General Assembly shall elect ten other Members of the United Nat
56、ions to be non-permanent members of the Security Council, due regard being specially paid, in the first in- stance to the contribution of Members of the United Nations to the maintenance of inter- national peace and security and to the other purposes of the Organization, and also to equitable geogra
57、phical distribution. 2. The non-permanent members of the Security Council shall be elected for a term of two years. In the first election of the non- permanent members after the increase of the membership of the Security Council from eleven to fifteen, two of the four additional members shall be cho
58、sen for a term of one year. A retiring member shall not be eligible for immediate re-election. 3. Each member of the Security Council shall have one representative. Functions and Powers 第二十一条 大会应自行制定其议事规 则。大会应选举每次会议 之主席。 第二十二条 大会得设立其认为于行使 职务所必需之辅助机关。 第五章 安全理事会组织 第二十三条 年月 日经大会通过修正， 年月日生 效。二十三条的修正案将 安
59、全理事会理事国自十一 国增至十五国。 一、安全理事会以联 合国十五会员国组织之。 中华民国、法兰西、苏维 埃社会主义共和国联邦、 大不列颠及北爱尔兰联合 王国及美利坚合众国应为 安全理事会常任 理事国。 大会应选举联合国其他十 会员国为安全理事会非常 任理事国，选举时首宜充 分斟酌联合国各会员国于 维持国际和平与安全及本 组织其余各宗旨上之贡献， 并 宜充分斟酌地域上之公 匀分配。 2、安全理事会非常任理事 国任期定为二年。安全理 事会理事国自十一国增至 12 Article 24 1. In order to ensure prompt and effective action by the
60、 United Nations, its Members confer on the Security Council primary responsibility for the maintenance of international peace and security, and agree that in carrying out its duties under this responsibility the Security Council acts on their behalf. 2. In discharging these duties the Security Counc
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